Integrand size = 21, antiderivative size = 237 \[ \int \frac {\tan ^{12}(c+d x)}{(a+a \sec (c+d x))^3} \, dx=\frac {x}{a^3}-\frac {125 \text {arctanh}(\sin (c+d x))}{128 a^3 d}-\frac {\tan (c+d x)}{a^3 d}+\frac {115 \sec (c+d x) \tan (c+d x)}{128 a^3 d}+\frac {5 \sec ^3(c+d x) \tan (c+d x)}{64 a^3 d}+\frac {\tan ^3(c+d x)}{3 a^3 d}-\frac {5 \sec (c+d x) \tan ^3(c+d x)}{8 a^3 d}-\frac {5 \sec ^3(c+d x) \tan ^3(c+d x)}{48 a^3 d}-\frac {\tan ^5(c+d x)}{5 a^3 d}+\frac {\sec (c+d x) \tan ^5(c+d x)}{2 a^3 d}+\frac {\sec ^3(c+d x) \tan ^5(c+d x)}{8 a^3 d}-\frac {3 \tan ^7(c+d x)}{7 a^3 d} \]
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Time = 0.47 (sec) , antiderivative size = 237, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps used = 18, number of rules used = 9, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.429, Rules used = {3973, 3971, 3554, 8, 2691, 3855, 2687, 30, 3853} \[ \int \frac {\tan ^{12}(c+d x)}{(a+a \sec (c+d x))^3} \, dx=-\frac {125 \text {arctanh}(\sin (c+d x))}{128 a^3 d}-\frac {3 \tan ^7(c+d x)}{7 a^3 d}-\frac {\tan ^5(c+d x)}{5 a^3 d}+\frac {\tan ^3(c+d x)}{3 a^3 d}-\frac {\tan (c+d x)}{a^3 d}+\frac {\tan ^5(c+d x) \sec ^3(c+d x)}{8 a^3 d}-\frac {5 \tan ^3(c+d x) \sec ^3(c+d x)}{48 a^3 d}+\frac {5 \tan (c+d x) \sec ^3(c+d x)}{64 a^3 d}+\frac {\tan ^5(c+d x) \sec (c+d x)}{2 a^3 d}-\frac {5 \tan ^3(c+d x) \sec (c+d x)}{8 a^3 d}+\frac {115 \tan (c+d x) \sec (c+d x)}{128 a^3 d}+\frac {x}{a^3} \]
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Rule 8
Rule 30
Rule 2687
Rule 2691
Rule 3554
Rule 3853
Rule 3855
Rule 3971
Rule 3973
Rubi steps \begin{align*} \text {integral}& = \frac {\int (-a+a \sec (c+d x))^3 \tan ^6(c+d x) \, dx}{a^6} \\ & = \frac {\int \left (-a^3 \tan ^6(c+d x)+3 a^3 \sec (c+d x) \tan ^6(c+d x)-3 a^3 \sec ^2(c+d x) \tan ^6(c+d x)+a^3 \sec ^3(c+d x) \tan ^6(c+d x)\right ) \, dx}{a^6} \\ & = -\frac {\int \tan ^6(c+d x) \, dx}{a^3}+\frac {\int \sec ^3(c+d x) \tan ^6(c+d x) \, dx}{a^3}+\frac {3 \int \sec (c+d x) \tan ^6(c+d x) \, dx}{a^3}-\frac {3 \int \sec ^2(c+d x) \tan ^6(c+d x) \, dx}{a^3} \\ & = -\frac {\tan ^5(c+d x)}{5 a^3 d}+\frac {\sec (c+d x) \tan ^5(c+d x)}{2 a^3 d}+\frac {\sec ^3(c+d x) \tan ^5(c+d x)}{8 a^3 d}-\frac {5 \int \sec ^3(c+d x) \tan ^4(c+d x) \, dx}{8 a^3}+\frac {\int \tan ^4(c+d x) \, dx}{a^3}-\frac {5 \int \sec (c+d x) \tan ^4(c+d x) \, dx}{2 a^3}-\frac {3 \text {Subst}\left (\int x^6 \, dx,x,\tan (c+d x)\right )}{a^3 d} \\ & = \frac {\tan ^3(c+d x)}{3 a^3 d}-\frac {5 \sec (c+d x) \tan ^3(c+d x)}{8 a^3 d}-\frac {5 \sec ^3(c+d x) \tan ^3(c+d x)}{48 a^3 d}-\frac {\tan ^5(c+d x)}{5 a^3 d}+\frac {\sec (c+d x) \tan ^5(c+d x)}{2 a^3 d}+\frac {\sec ^3(c+d x) \tan ^5(c+d x)}{8 a^3 d}-\frac {3 \tan ^7(c+d x)}{7 a^3 d}+\frac {5 \int \sec ^3(c+d x) \tan ^2(c+d x) \, dx}{16 a^3}-\frac {\int \tan ^2(c+d x) \, dx}{a^3}+\frac {15 \int \sec (c+d x) \tan ^2(c+d x) \, dx}{8 a^3} \\ & = -\frac {\tan (c+d x)}{a^3 d}+\frac {15 \sec (c+d x) \tan (c+d x)}{16 a^3 d}+\frac {5 \sec ^3(c+d x) \tan (c+d x)}{64 a^3 d}+\frac {\tan ^3(c+d x)}{3 a^3 d}-\frac {5 \sec (c+d x) \tan ^3(c+d x)}{8 a^3 d}-\frac {5 \sec ^3(c+d x) \tan ^3(c+d x)}{48 a^3 d}-\frac {\tan ^5(c+d x)}{5 a^3 d}+\frac {\sec (c+d x) \tan ^5(c+d x)}{2 a^3 d}+\frac {\sec ^3(c+d x) \tan ^5(c+d x)}{8 a^3 d}-\frac {3 \tan ^7(c+d x)}{7 a^3 d}-\frac {5 \int \sec ^3(c+d x) \, dx}{64 a^3}-\frac {15 \int \sec (c+d x) \, dx}{16 a^3}+\frac {\int 1 \, dx}{a^3} \\ & = \frac {x}{a^3}-\frac {15 \text {arctanh}(\sin (c+d x))}{16 a^3 d}-\frac {\tan (c+d x)}{a^3 d}+\frac {115 \sec (c+d x) \tan (c+d x)}{128 a^3 d}+\frac {5 \sec ^3(c+d x) \tan (c+d x)}{64 a^3 d}+\frac {\tan ^3(c+d x)}{3 a^3 d}-\frac {5 \sec (c+d x) \tan ^3(c+d x)}{8 a^3 d}-\frac {5 \sec ^3(c+d x) \tan ^3(c+d x)}{48 a^3 d}-\frac {\tan ^5(c+d x)}{5 a^3 d}+\frac {\sec (c+d x) \tan ^5(c+d x)}{2 a^3 d}+\frac {\sec ^3(c+d x) \tan ^5(c+d x)}{8 a^3 d}-\frac {3 \tan ^7(c+d x)}{7 a^3 d}-\frac {5 \int \sec (c+d x) \, dx}{128 a^3} \\ & = \frac {x}{a^3}-\frac {125 \text {arctanh}(\sin (c+d x))}{128 a^3 d}-\frac {\tan (c+d x)}{a^3 d}+\frac {115 \sec (c+d x) \tan (c+d x)}{128 a^3 d}+\frac {5 \sec ^3(c+d x) \tan (c+d x)}{64 a^3 d}+\frac {\tan ^3(c+d x)}{3 a^3 d}-\frac {5 \sec (c+d x) \tan ^3(c+d x)}{8 a^3 d}-\frac {5 \sec ^3(c+d x) \tan ^3(c+d x)}{48 a^3 d}-\frac {\tan ^5(c+d x)}{5 a^3 d}+\frac {\sec (c+d x) \tan ^5(c+d x)}{2 a^3 d}+\frac {\sec ^3(c+d x) \tan ^5(c+d x)}{8 a^3 d}-\frac {3 \tan ^7(c+d x)}{7 a^3 d} \\ \end{align*}
Time = 3.59 (sec) , antiderivative size = 362, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.53 \[ \int \frac {\tan ^{12}(c+d x)}{(a+a \sec (c+d x))^3} \, dx=\frac {\cos ^6\left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right ) \sec ^3(c+d x) \left (1680000 \left (\log \left (\cos \left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right )-\sin \left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right )\right )-\log \left (\cos \left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right )+\sin \left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right )\right )\right )+\sec (c) \sec ^8(c+d x) (470400 d x \cos (c)+376320 d x \cos (c+2 d x)+376320 d x \cos (3 c+2 d x)+188160 d x \cos (3 c+4 d x)+188160 d x \cos (5 c+4 d x)+53760 d x \cos (5 c+6 d x)+53760 d x \cos (7 c+6 d x)+6720 d x \cos (7 c+8 d x)+6720 d x \cos (9 c+8 d x)+519680 \sin (c)+133175 \sin (d x)+133175 \sin (2 c+d x)-544768 \sin (c+2 d x)+286720 \sin (3 c+2 d x)+63595 \sin (2 c+3 d x)+63595 \sin (4 c+3 d x)-254464 \sin (3 c+4 d x)+161280 \sin (5 c+4 d x)+65135 \sin (4 c+5 d x)+65135 \sin (6 c+5 d x)-118784 \sin (5 c+6 d x)+27195 \sin (6 c+7 d x)+27195 \sin (8 c+7 d x)-14848 \sin (7 c+8 d x))\right )}{215040 a^3 d (1+\sec (c+d x))^3} \]
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Result contains complex when optimal does not.
Time = 5.02 (sec) , antiderivative size = 227, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.96
method | result | size |
risch | \(\frac {x}{a^{3}}-\frac {i \left (27195 \,{\mathrm e}^{15 i \left (d x +c \right )}+65135 \,{\mathrm e}^{13 i \left (d x +c \right )}+161280 \,{\mathrm e}^{12 i \left (d x +c \right )}+63595 \,{\mathrm e}^{11 i \left (d x +c \right )}+286720 \,{\mathrm e}^{10 i \left (d x +c \right )}+133175 \,{\mathrm e}^{9 i \left (d x +c \right )}+519680 \,{\mathrm e}^{8 i \left (d x +c \right )}-133175 \,{\mathrm e}^{7 i \left (d x +c \right )}+544768 \,{\mathrm e}^{6 i \left (d x +c \right )}-63595 \,{\mathrm e}^{5 i \left (d x +c \right )}+254464 \,{\mathrm e}^{4 i \left (d x +c \right )}-65135 \,{\mathrm e}^{3 i \left (d x +c \right )}+118784 \,{\mathrm e}^{2 i \left (d x +c \right )}-27195 \,{\mathrm e}^{i \left (d x +c \right )}+14848\right )}{6720 d \,a^{3} \left ({\mathrm e}^{2 i \left (d x +c \right )}+1\right )^{8}}-\frac {125 \ln \left ({\mathrm e}^{i \left (d x +c \right )}+i\right )}{128 a^{3} d}+\frac {125 \ln \left ({\mathrm e}^{i \left (d x +c \right )}-i\right )}{128 a^{3} d}\) | \(227\) |
derivativedivides | \(\frac {\frac {1}{8 \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )-1\right )^{8}}+\frac {13}{14 \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )-1\right )^{7}}+\frac {65}{24 \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )-1\right )^{6}}+\frac {143}{40 \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )-1\right )^{5}}+\frac {79}{64 \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )-1\right )^{4}}-\frac {49}{32 \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )-1\right )^{3}}-\frac {29}{128 \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )-1\right )^{2}}+\frac {253}{128 \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )-1\right )}+\frac {125 \ln \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )-1\right )}{128}-\frac {1}{8 \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )+1\right )^{8}}+\frac {13}{14 \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )+1\right )^{7}}-\frac {65}{24 \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )+1\right )^{6}}+\frac {143}{40 \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )+1\right )^{5}}-\frac {79}{64 \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )+1\right )^{4}}-\frac {49}{32 \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )+1\right )^{3}}+\frac {29}{128 \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )+1\right )^{2}}+\frac {253}{128 \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )+1\right )}-\frac {125 \ln \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )+1\right )}{128}+2 \arctan \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )\right )}{a^{3} d}\) | \(290\) |
default | \(\frac {\frac {1}{8 \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )-1\right )^{8}}+\frac {13}{14 \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )-1\right )^{7}}+\frac {65}{24 \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )-1\right )^{6}}+\frac {143}{40 \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )-1\right )^{5}}+\frac {79}{64 \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )-1\right )^{4}}-\frac {49}{32 \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )-1\right )^{3}}-\frac {29}{128 \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )-1\right )^{2}}+\frac {253}{128 \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )-1\right )}+\frac {125 \ln \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )-1\right )}{128}-\frac {1}{8 \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )+1\right )^{8}}+\frac {13}{14 \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )+1\right )^{7}}-\frac {65}{24 \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )+1\right )^{6}}+\frac {143}{40 \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )+1\right )^{5}}-\frac {79}{64 \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )+1\right )^{4}}-\frac {49}{32 \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )+1\right )^{3}}+\frac {29}{128 \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )+1\right )^{2}}+\frac {253}{128 \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )+1\right )}-\frac {125 \ln \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )+1\right )}{128}+2 \arctan \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )\right )}{a^{3} d}\) | \(290\) |
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Time = 0.31 (sec) , antiderivative size = 147, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.62 \[ \int \frac {\tan ^{12}(c+d x)}{(a+a \sec (c+d x))^3} \, dx=\frac {26880 \, d x \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{8} - 13125 \, \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{8} \log \left (\sin \left (d x + c\right ) + 1\right ) + 13125 \, \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{8} \log \left (-\sin \left (d x + c\right ) + 1\right ) - 2 \, {\left (14848 \, \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{7} - 27195 \, \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{6} + 7424 \, \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{5} + 17710 \, \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{4} - 14592 \, \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{3} - 1960 \, \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{2} + 5760 \, \cos \left (d x + c\right ) - 1680\right )} \sin \left (d x + c\right )}{26880 \, a^{3} d \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{8}} \]
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\[ \int \frac {\tan ^{12}(c+d x)}{(a+a \sec (c+d x))^3} \, dx=\frac {\int \frac {\tan ^{12}{\left (c + d x \right )}}{\sec ^{3}{\left (c + d x \right )} + 3 \sec ^{2}{\left (c + d x \right )} + 3 \sec {\left (c + d x \right )} + 1}\, dx}{a^{3}} \]
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Time = 0.31 (sec) , antiderivative size = 429, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.81 \[ \int \frac {\tan ^{12}(c+d x)}{(a+a \sec (c+d x))^3} \, dx=-\frac {\frac {2 \, {\left (\frac {315 \, \sin \left (d x + c\right )}{\cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 1} - \frac {11375 \, \sin \left (d x + c\right )^{3}}{{\left (\cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 1\right )}^{3}} + \frac {79723 \, \sin \left (d x + c\right )^{5}}{{\left (\cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 1\right )}^{5}} - \frac {269879 \, \sin \left (d x + c\right )^{7}}{{\left (\cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 1\right )}^{7}} + \frac {550089 \, \sin \left (d x + c\right )^{9}}{{\left (\cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 1\right )}^{9}} - \frac {749973 \, \sin \left (d x + c\right )^{11}}{{\left (\cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 1\right )}^{11}} + \frac {212625 \, \sin \left (d x + c\right )^{13}}{{\left (\cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 1\right )}^{13}} - \frac {26565 \, \sin \left (d x + c\right )^{15}}{{\left (\cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 1\right )}^{15}}\right )}}{a^{3} - \frac {8 \, a^{3} \sin \left (d x + c\right )^{2}}{{\left (\cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 1\right )}^{2}} + \frac {28 \, a^{3} \sin \left (d x + c\right )^{4}}{{\left (\cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 1\right )}^{4}} - \frac {56 \, a^{3} \sin \left (d x + c\right )^{6}}{{\left (\cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 1\right )}^{6}} + \frac {70 \, a^{3} \sin \left (d x + c\right )^{8}}{{\left (\cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 1\right )}^{8}} - \frac {56 \, a^{3} \sin \left (d x + c\right )^{10}}{{\left (\cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 1\right )}^{10}} + \frac {28 \, a^{3} \sin \left (d x + c\right )^{12}}{{\left (\cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 1\right )}^{12}} - \frac {8 \, a^{3} \sin \left (d x + c\right )^{14}}{{\left (\cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 1\right )}^{14}} + \frac {a^{3} \sin \left (d x + c\right )^{16}}{{\left (\cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 1\right )}^{16}}} - \frac {26880 \, \arctan \left (\frac {\sin \left (d x + c\right )}{\cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 1}\right )}{a^{3}} + \frac {13125 \, \log \left (\frac {\sin \left (d x + c\right )}{\cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 1} + 1\right )}{a^{3}} - \frac {13125 \, \log \left (\frac {\sin \left (d x + c\right )}{\cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 1} - 1\right )}{a^{3}}}{13440 \, d} \]
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Time = 25.91 (sec) , antiderivative size = 175, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.74 \[ \int \frac {\tan ^{12}(c+d x)}{(a+a \sec (c+d x))^3} \, dx=\frac {\frac {13440 \, {\left (d x + c\right )}}{a^{3}} - \frac {13125 \, \log \left ({\left | \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right ) + 1 \right |}\right )}{a^{3}} + \frac {13125 \, \log \left ({\left | \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right ) - 1 \right |}\right )}{a^{3}} + \frac {2 \, {\left (26565 \, \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right )^{15} - 212625 \, \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right )^{13} + 749973 \, \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right )^{11} - 550089 \, \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right )^{9} + 269879 \, \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right )^{7} - 79723 \, \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right )^{5} + 11375 \, \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right )^{3} - 315 \, \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right )\right )}}{{\left (\tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right )^{2} - 1\right )}^{8} a^{3}}}{13440 \, d} \]
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Time = 15.70 (sec) , antiderivative size = 265, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.12 \[ \int \frac {\tan ^{12}(c+d x)}{(a+a \sec (c+d x))^3} \, dx=\frac {x}{a^3}-\frac {125\,\mathrm {atanh}\left (\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )\right )}{64\,a^3\,d}-\frac {-\frac {253\,{\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )}^{15}}{64}+\frac {2025\,{\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )}^{13}}{64}-\frac {35713\,{\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )}^{11}}{320}+\frac {183363\,{\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )}^9}{2240}-\frac {269879\,{\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )}^7}{6720}+\frac {11389\,{\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )}^5}{960}-\frac {325\,{\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )}^3}{192}+\frac {3\,\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )}{64}}{d\,\left (a^3\,{\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )}^{16}-8\,a^3\,{\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )}^{14}+28\,a^3\,{\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )}^{12}-56\,a^3\,{\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )}^{10}+70\,a^3\,{\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )}^8-56\,a^3\,{\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )}^6+28\,a^3\,{\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )}^4-8\,a^3\,{\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )}^2+a^3\right )} \]
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